Immigration Judge Approval Rates by State
Browse state and territory asylum statistics, immigration courts and judge profiles. Compare fiscal-year grants, denials, decision volumes and approval rates.
Data snapshot: 2026-07-01
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FY 2026 · 2025-10-01 – 2026-07-01 · Year to date
| State / territory | Courts | Judges | Decisions | Granted | Denied | Other | Approval rate |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| California (CA) | 11 | 136 | 21,841 | 1,946 | 19,895 | 0 | 8.9% |
| New York (NY) | 5 | 100 | 16,802 | 1,393 | 15,409 | 0 | 8.3% |
| Texas (TX) | 12 | 224 | 15,737 | 560 | 15,177 | 0 | 3.6% |
| Virginia (VA) | 3 | 73 | 8,851 | 1,035 | 7,816 | 0 | 11.7% |
| Florida (FL) | 3 | 70 | 6,185 | 370 | 5,815 | 0 | 6.0% |
| Maryland (MD) | 2 | 39 | 5,263 | 577 | 4,686 | 0 | 11.0% |
| Louisiana (LA) | 4 | 110 | 4,855 | 189 | 4,666 | 0 | 3.9% |
| New Jersey (NJ) | 2 | 67 | 4,150 | 97 | 4,053 | 0 | 2.3% |
| Arizona (AZ) | 4 | 42 | 3,815 | 200 | 3,615 | 0 | 5.2% |
| Illinois (IL) | 1 | 31 | 3,642 | 648 | 2,994 | 0 | 17.8% |
| North Carolina (NC) | 1 | 30 | 3,458 | 150 | 3,308 | 0 | 4.3% |
| Washington (WA) | 2 | 26 | 2,855 | 159 | 2,696 | 0 | 5.6% |
| Indiana (IN) | 1 | 13 | 2,635 | 127 | 2,508 | 0 | 4.8% |
| Pennsylvania (PA) | 1 | 17 | 2,420 | 377 | 2,043 | 0 | 15.6% |
| Georgia (GA) | 3 | 44 | 2,357 | 57 | 2,300 | 0 | 2.4% |
| Minnesota (MN) | 1 | 19 | 2,202 | 110 | 2,092 | 0 | 5.0% |
| Ohio (OH) | 1 | 17 | 2,180 | 64 | 2,116 | 0 | 2.9% |
| Massachusetts (MA) | 2 | 22 | 2,074 | 353 | 1,721 | 0 | 17.0% |
| Nebraska (NE) | 1 | 10 | 1,402 | 21 | 1,381 | 0 | 1.5% |
| Tennessee (TN) | 1 | 23 | 1,300 | 71 | 1,229 | 0 | 5.5% |
| Colorado (CO) | 2 | 30 | 1,133 | 162 | 971 | 0 | 14.3% |
| Michigan (MI) | 1 | 24 | 927 | 42 | 885 | 0 | 4.5% |
| New Mexico (NM) | 1 | 22 | 805 | 66 | 739 | 0 | 8.2% |
| Missouri (MO) | 1 | 10 | 779 | 22 | 757 | 0 | 2.8% |
| Utah (UT) | 1 | 11 | 445 | 121 | 324 | 0 | 27.2% |
| Nevada (NV) | 1 | 5 | 413 | 57 | 356 | 0 | 13.8% |
| Connecticut (CT) | 1 | 9 | 260 | 36 | 224 | 0 | 13.8% |
| Oregon (OR) | 2 | 10 | 171 | 40 | 131 | 0 | 23.4% |
| Hawaii (HI) | 1 | 6 | 129 | 53 | 76 | 0 | 41.1% |
| Puerto Rico (PR) | 1 | 2 | 64 | 0 | 64 | 0 | 0.0% |
| Guam (GU) | 1 | 1 | 22 | 10 | 12 | 0 | — |
| Northern Mariana Islands (MP) | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | — |
FY 2025 · 2024-10-01 – 2025-09-30 · Complete fiscal year
| State / territory | Courts | Judges | Decisions | Granted | Denied | Other | Approval rate |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| California (CA) | 11 | 142 | 21,689 | 8,246 | 13,443 | 0 | 38.0% |
| Texas (TX) | 13 | 164 | 17,689 | 1,445 | 16,244 | 0 | 8.2% |
| New York (NY) | 5 | 98 | 16,882 | 6,259 | 10,623 | 0 | 37.1% |
| Virginia (VA) | 3 | 78 | 10,187 | 2,477 | 7,710 | 0 | 24.3% |
| Maryland (MD) | 2 | 39 | 6,224 | 1,780 | 4,444 | 0 | 28.6% |
| Florida (FL) | 3 | 66 | 5,342 | 748 | 4,594 | 0 | 14.0% |
| Massachusetts (MA) | 3 | 30 | 5,250 | 2,156 | 3,094 | 0 | 41.1% |
| Louisiana (LA) | 3 | 104 | 4,725 | 625 | 4,100 | 0 | 13.2% |
| Arizona (AZ) | 4 | 38 | 3,600 | 492 | 3,108 | 0 | 13.7% |
| North Carolina (NC) | 1 | 24 | 3,302 | 233 | 3,069 | 0 | 7.1% |
| Washington (WA) | 2 | 34 | 3,250 | 635 | 2,615 | 0 | 19.5% |
| Illinois (IL) | 1 | 29 | 3,221 | 1,323 | 1,898 | 0 | 41.1% |
| Georgia (GA) | 3 | 32 | 3,107 | 144 | 2,963 | 0 | 4.6% |
| New Jersey (NJ) | 2 | 36 | 2,786 | 377 | 2,409 | 0 | 13.5% |
| Indiana (IN) | 1 | 11 | 1,816 | 350 | 1,466 | 0 | 19.3% |
| Colorado (CO) | 2 | 18 | 1,798 | 363 | 1,435 | 0 | 20.2% |
| Pennsylvania (PA) | 1 | 10 | 1,768 | 508 | 1,260 | 0 | 28.7% |
| Minnesota (MN) | 1 | 8 | 1,752 | 111 | 1,641 | 0 | 6.3% |
| Tennessee (TN) | 1 | 13 | 1,382 | 251 | 1,131 | 0 | 18.2% |
| Utah (UT) | 1 | 6 | 1,209 | 439 | 770 | 0 | 36.3% |
| Ohio (OH) | 1 | 13 | 1,147 | 108 | 1,039 | 0 | 9.4% |
| Nevada (NV) | 1 | 5 | 1,119 | 605 | 514 | 0 | 54.1% |
| Connecticut (CT) | 1 | 7 | 1,104 | 342 | 762 | 0 | 31.0% |
| Michigan (MI) | 1 | 9 | 919 | 227 | 692 | 0 | 24.7% |
| Oregon (OR) | 2 | 4 | 906 | 177 | 729 | 0 | 19.5% |
| Nebraska (NE) | 1 | 4 | 543 | 16 | 527 | 0 | 2.9% |
| New Mexico (NM) | 1 | 14 | 511 | 38 | 473 | 0 | 7.4% |
| Missouri (MO) | 1 | 3 | 474 | 69 | 405 | 0 | 14.6% |
| Hawaii (HI) | 1 | 3 | 169 | 105 | 64 | 0 | 62.1% |
| Puerto Rico (PR) | 1 | 2 | 46 | 0 | 46 | 0 | — |
| Guam (GU) | 1 | 1 | 31 | 7 | 24 | 0 | — |
FY 2024 · 2023-10-01 – 2024-09-30 · Complete fiscal year
| State / territory | Courts | Judges | Decisions | Granted | Denied | Other | Approval rate |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| California (CA) | 11 | 148 | 17,462 | 10,291 | 7,171 | 0 | 58.9% |
| New York (NY) | 5 | 99 | 15,409 | 9,269 | 6,140 | 0 | 60.2% |
| Texas (TX) | 12 | 128 | 8,528 | 1,283 | 7,245 | 0 | 15.0% |
| Virginia (VA) | 3 | 70 | 4,546 | 2,262 | 2,284 | 0 | 49.8% |
| Massachusetts (MA) | 3 | 31 | 3,715 | 1,824 | 1,891 | 0 | 49.1% |
| Maryland (MD) | 2 | 41 | 3,642 | 2,128 | 1,514 | 0 | 58.4% |
| Florida (FL) | 3 | 53 | 2,828 | 790 | 2,038 | 0 | 27.9% |
| Illinois (IL) | 1 | 24 | 2,691 | 1,745 | 946 | 0 | 64.8% |
| New Jersey (NJ) | 2 | 19 | 2,637 | 459 | 2,178 | 0 | 17.4% |
| Louisiana (LA) | 3 | 36 | 2,477 | 820 | 1,657 | 0 | 33.1% |
| Washington (WA) | 2 | 16 | 2,385 | 772 | 1,613 | 0 | 32.4% |
| Arizona (AZ) | 4 | 23 | 1,655 | 391 | 1,264 | 0 | 23.6% |
| Colorado (CO) | 2 | 17 | 1,612 | 569 | 1,043 | 0 | 35.3% |
| Utah (UT) | 1 | 6 | 1,608 | 1,183 | 425 | 0 | 73.6% |
| Georgia (GA) | 3 | 22 | 1,339 | 312 | 1,027 | 0 | 23.3% |
| Nevada (NV) | 1 | 5 | 1,066 | 796 | 270 | 0 | 74.7% |
| North Carolina (NC) | 1 | 19 | 900 | 178 | 722 | 0 | 19.8% |
| Michigan (MI) | 1 | 7 | 857 | 308 | 549 | 0 | 35.9% |
| Pennsylvania (PA) | 1 | 13 | 807 | 431 | 376 | 0 | 53.4% |
| Minnesota (MN) | 1 | 11 | 805 | 271 | 534 | 0 | 33.7% |
| Tennessee (TN) | 1 | 12 | 788 | 265 | 523 | 0 | 33.6% |
| Ohio (OH) | 1 | 13 | 764 | 187 | 577 | 0 | 24.5% |
| Connecticut (CT) | 1 | 6 | 679 | 291 | 388 | 0 | 42.9% |
| Oregon (OR) | 2 | 8 | 474 | 198 | 276 | 0 | 41.8% |
| Missouri (MO) | 1 | 3 | 294 | 47 | 247 | 0 | 16.0% |
| New Mexico (NM) | 1 | 6 | 292 | 39 | 253 | 0 | 13.4% |
| Nebraska (NE) | 1 | 4 | 290 | 46 | 244 | 0 | 15.9% |
| Hawaii (HI) | 1 | 3 | 138 | 101 | 37 | 0 | 73.2% |
| Guam (GU) | 1 | 1 | 35 | 26 | 9 | 0 | — |
| Puerto Rico (PR) | 1 | 2 | 17 | 6 | 11 | 0 | — |
How to read these rates
Asylum grants ÷ (grants + denials). Other outcomes are excluded from this rate. Historical statistics do not predict an individual case.
State totals follow the court at decision time, not the applicant’s home address. Small samples below 50 grants and denials show no rate. Judge comparison requires at least 100.
Data sources and methodology (Chinese)